Why are atypical antipsychotics often preferred over typical antipsychotics?

Atypical antipsychotics are often preferred over typical antipsychotics primarily because they have a lower risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). EPS are drug-induced movement disorders that include symptoms like tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and tardive dyskinesia, which can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. Typical antipsychotics, which primarily block dopamine receptors, are more likely to cause these side effects due to their stronger interaction with the dopamine pathways that regulate movement.

In contrast, atypical antipsychotics have a more complex pharmacological profile. They not only block dopamine receptors but also affect other neurotransmitters such as serotonin. This results in a more favorable side effect profile, particularly regarding the motor function issues associated with typical antipsychotics. Because of their lower propensity to cause EPS, atypical antipsychotics are often better tolerated by patients, making them a preferred choice in many treatment settings.

This preference is significant in clinical practice as it allows for more effective long-term management of psychiatric conditions without the debilitating side effects that can accompany older medications. Other aspects such as cost, sedation, and overall effectiveness can vary greatly among individual medications in both categories, but the lower risk of EPS