Which type of medication can potentially cause nephrotoxicity when used with NSAIDs?

Nephrotoxicity refers to the potential for certain medications to cause damage to the kidneys, a risk that can be heightened when these medications are used alongside NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). ACE inhibitors, which are commonly used to manage conditions like hypertension and heart failure, can affect renal function, particularly in certain populations or under specific circumstances.

When NSAIDs are administered, they can cause a reduction in renal blood flow due to their inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, which is important for maintaining kidney perfusion, especially in conditions of compromised renal function. ACE inhibitors work by promoting vasodilation of the efferent arterioles of the kidney, which can further decrease glomerular filtration rate (GFR) when combined with NSAIDs. This combination can lead to acute kidney injury, particularly in patients who are volume-depleted or who already have underlying kidney dysfunction.

The other medication categories listed do not typically demonstrate the same potential for nephrotoxicity in combination with NSAIDs. Antidepressants, such as SSRIs or SNRIs, are not primarily associated with renal risks nor do they have direct interactions with NSAIDs that would specifically increase nephrotoxicity. Antibiotics vary widely in their potential side effects but