What is the primary use of lithium in pharmacology?

The primary use of lithium in pharmacology is the treatment of bipolar disorder. Lithium is classified as a mood stabilizer and has a well-established role in managing the manic and depressive episodes associated with this condition. It works by helping to balance the neurotransmitters in the brain, which can result in mood stabilization, reducing the frequency and severity of mood swings.

While other options like anxiety management, seizure control, and depression symptom reduction are important areas in psychiatric and neurological treatments, they do not reflect the main use of lithium. Specifically, anxiety is typically managed with other classes of medications, seizures are usually treated with anticonvulsants rather than lithium, and lithium is not primarily prescribed for depression, even though it may help alleviate some depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder. Thus, its most significant and well-supported therapeutic application is in the effective management of bipolar disorder.