What is a common effect when combining disulfiram with alcohol?

When disulfiram is combined with alcohol, a common effect is the flushing reaction. Disulfiram works by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, which is responsible for metabolizing acetaldehyde, a toxic byproduct of alcohol metabolism. When alcohol is consumed, acetaldehyde accumulates in the bloodstream, leading to various unpleasant symptoms. This flushing reaction is characterized by a sudden redness and warmth in the skin, particularly on the face and neck, due to vasodilation caused by the buildup of acetaldehyde. Other symptoms associated with this reaction can include nausea, vomiting, palpitations, and shortness of breath, all contributing to the aversive effects that disulfiram aims to encourage in individuals trying to avoid alcohol consumption.

The effects of combining disulfiram with alcohol highlight the drug's intended purpose as a deterrent in treating alcohol use disorder. Understanding the physiological mechanisms behind this reaction is essential for those using disulfiram as part of their treatment plan for alcoholism.