What condition may occur with sudden discontinuation of major tranquilizers?

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a severe reaction that can occur with the withdrawal of major tranquilizers, primarily antipsychotic medications. This life-threatening condition is characterized by symptoms such as hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, autonomic dysregulation, and altered mental status. When major tranquilizers are suddenly discontinued, the abrupt change in medication levels can lead to a rebound effect, causing the body to react in an exaggerated manner, which embodies the characteristics of NMS.

In the context of antipsychotic treatment, NMS can manifest when withdrawal happens too rapidly or when there is an interplay of medications that destabilizes the dopaminergic system. This syndrome illustrates the importance of careful management and gradual tapering of antipsychotic medications to prevent serious complications like NMS. The other conditions, while relevant in the context of CNS pharmacology, do not specifically relate to the sudden discontinuation of major tranquilizers in the same manner.