What are symptoms of serotonin syndrome?

Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition that results from an excess of serotonin in the central nervous system. The symptoms are typically a combination of psychological, autonomic, and neuromuscular effects.

The presence of rigidity and myoclonus is particularly indicative of serotonin syndrome. Rigidity refers to an increased muscle tone, which can lead to a stiff or tense feeling in the muscles. Myoclonus involves sudden, involuntary muscle jerks or spasms, which can happen as the body reacts to the heightened levels of serotonin. These neuromuscular symptoms are key features that differentiate serotonin syndrome from other conditions.

While agitation and paranoia, drowsiness and confusion, as well as nausea and vomiting can occur in different syndromes related to neurological and psychiatric conditions, they are not exclusive indicators of serotonin syndrome. Rigidity and myoclonus are more specific for this syndrome, making them critical signs for diagnosis. Understanding these distinct symptoms helps in quickly identifying and treating serotonin syndrome in clinical settings.