How do beta-blockers affect symptoms of anxiety?

Beta-blockers are primarily known for their cardiovascular effects, but they also play a significant role in managing some symptoms of anxiety, particularly those stemming from physical manifestations. These medications work by blocking the action of norepinephrine and epinephrine on beta-adrenergic receptors. As a result, they can significantly reduce the physiological symptoms commonly associated with anxiety, such as rapid heartbeat, tremors, sweating, and increased blood pressure.

By inhibiting these physiological responses, beta-blockers can help a person feel more composed in anxiety-inducing situations, such as public speaking or performance-related events. This calming effect makes them useful for situational anxiety where physical symptoms are prevalent. Though beta-blockers do not directly address cognitive aspects of anxiety, their ability to minimize physical symptoms can contribute to an overall reduction in the experience of anxiety, allowing individuals to function better in anxiety-provoking scenarios.